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Tanzania's Magufuli wins election by a landslide
By Fran BLANDY
Stone Town, Tanzania (AFP) Oct 30, 2020

DR Congo begins disarmament of rebels in troubled Ituri
Bunia, Dr Congo (AFP) Nov 1, 2020 - DR Congo's government has begun a process of disarming a rebel movement active in the restive province of Ituri for two decades, eight months after a peace agreement was signed.

The accord between the government and the Front for Patriotic Resistance in Ituri (FRPI), signed in the presence of the United Nations, provided for a ceasefire and the integration of FRPI fighters into the army.

Thirty-one FRPI militia fighters surrendered their weapons to the DR Congo armed forces in an official ceremony on Saturday, according to an AFP journalist.

They were then taken to Kazana, a village in Ituri, for social reintegration or integration into the armed forces, known as FARDC.

"There is no point in staying in the forest, there is too much suffering in the jungle. I came to give up my arms to start a new life," a former fighter who gave up his weapon told AFP.

"I took up arms to protect our country, today I lay them down for peace," said another 23-year-old, who said he joined the FRPI in 2013 and now wanted to join the police "to protect the population".

Jean Marc Mazio, who is in charge of the government's Stabilisation and Reconstruction Plan for Eastern DR Congo (STAREC), said "more than 1,000 fighters are expected for this disarmament, which will be progressive".

The government hopes to completely disarm the group, one of many rebel movements active in eastern DR Congo, over the next two months while the reintegration phase will take two years, he said.

FRPI spokesman Albert Munobi called on the government Saturday to respect its commitments in the peace accord.

The agreement included draft legislation to give an amnesty to the rebels except in cases of war crimes or crimes against humanity.

The FRPI has remained active since ethnic conflict took tens of thousands of lives in Ituri between 1999 and 2003, until a European military force named Operation Artemis intervened under French leadership.

One of the militia's leaders, Germain Katanga, was released from prison in March, after the International Criminal Court reduced a 12-year sentence imposed in 2014 for a conviction on war crimes and crimes against humanity.

Katanga was serving his term in DR Congo's capital Kinshasa after being repatriated from the ICC in The Hague in 2015.

Several thousand FRPI fighters were demobilised and integrated into the Congolese army from 2004 until 2006, but the group started reforming at the end of 2007.

A region rich in gold bordering Uganda and South Sudan, Ituri is wracked by a separate conflict in the northern Djugu territory, which has left about a thousand people dead since December 2017.

Tanzanian President John Magufuli won a resounding election victory Friday with 84 percent of votes in a poll his main rival said was riddled with irregularities such as ballot box stuffing.

Magufuli's main challenger, the Chadema party candidate Tundu Lissu, 52, won only 13 percent of the vote, after denouncing widespread fraud, intimidation and oppression of the opposition.

"The commission declares John Magufuli of CCM (Chama Cha Mapinduzi) who garnered the majority of votes as the winner in the presidential seat..." said commission chairman Semistocles Kaijage.

Voter turnout was 50.7 percent from more than 29 million voters, with over 260,000 votes declared invalid.

No final results were given for the parliamentary results however Magufuli's ruling CCM had earlier won all but two seats, with around 200 of 264 parliamentary seats announced.

In 2015, Magufuli won with only 58 percent of the vote.

The resounding victory in Wednesday's vote will further cement the power of a party that has been in power since independence in 1961 but stands accused of a slide into autocracy under Magufuli.

Lissu, who returned to Tanzania in July after three years abroad recovering from 16 bullet wounds sustained in an assassination attempt, on Thursday declared that the results coming in were "illegitimate".

He urged his supporters to demonstrate peacefully, while asking the international community not to recognise the outcome.

"Whatever happened yesterday was not an election, and thus we do not recognise it. We do not accept the result," Lissu told reporters, saying opposition election monitors had been barred from entering polling stations and faced other interference.

"What is being presented to the world is a complete fraud. It is not an election."

The result of presidential elections cannot be contested in Tanzania, though the parliamentary outcome can be challenged.

Lissu's return breathed life into an opposition demoralised by years of attacks, arrests and a ban on political rallies.

However several opposition MPs lost seats in long-held bastions, such as Chadema chairman and lawmaker Freeman Mbowe of Hai in the Kilimanjaro region, and ACT-Wazalendo party leader Zitto Kabwe in Kigoma on the shores of Lake Tanganyika.

Halima Mdee, head of the Chadema woman's wing, who was briefly arrested on election day after protesting the discovery of ballot boxes stuffed with "pre-marked votes", lost her seat in Kawe in Dar es Salaam.

"We are concerned by credible reports of election irregularities and the use of force against unarmed civilians, and will hold responsible individuals accountable," said US state department spokeswoman Morgan Ortagus on Twitter.

"We urge Tanzanian authorities to take immediate steps to restore faith in the democratic process."

The election took place with little monitoring from foreign observers and most international media were unable to gain accreditation to cover voting on the mainland.

- Zanzibar tensions -

In semi-autonomous Zanzibar, which elects its own president and MPs, the streets were quiet and only a few pick-up trucks carrying police circulated after CCM candidate Hussein Ali Mwinyi was declared the local winner.

The Indian Ocean archipelago, which has a history of violent and contested polls, saw only four of 50 parliamentary seats go to the opposition ACT Wazalendo.

Opposition leader Seif Sharif Mohammed was arrested the day before the vote, as well as the day following the vote, and decried the election as a "military exercise" overshadowed by violence and cheating.

His party said he was released after the election results were announced, while party spokesman Ismail Jussa was badly beaten, sustaining a broken leg and shoulder fracture during their arrest.

Hamad has accused the ruling party of trying to steal every vote since multi-party democracy was introduced in 1995, and foreign observers have often agreed.

The islands swarmed with police, soldiers -- some on armoured personnel carriers -- and the feared "zombie" private militia of the ruling party in recent days.

The opposition said 10 people were killed on Monday and Tuesday.

- 'Full authoritarianism' -

The opposition and commentators voiced concern about the fairness of the election well ahead of polling.

"This year it was very different. There was lots of intimidation, violence, kidnapping. Two of our polling agents were kidnapped and very badly beaten," said Tanzanian political analyst Aikande Kwayu, who supports the opposition.

"We knew it wouldn't be free and fair, but nobody expected this," she told AFP.

"I think we have moved from being a democracy to full authoritarianism."

strs-fb/np/har


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AFRICA NEWS
Zambia clinches deal to defer Chinese debt
Lusaka (AFP) Oct 28, 2020
Zambia has secured a debt repayment holiday from China, a treasury official said Wednesday, days after the government was declared in default for missing an interest payment on its Eurobond. Africa's second largest copper producer is one of China's prominent debtors, owing billions of dollars. Secretary to the Treasury Fredson Yamba said payments due to the China Development Bank on October 25 has been pushed back for six months. "The deferred interest payment is now payable on 25 April 2021 ... read more

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